Monday, September 24, 2018

Pushpa Prasad discovered a fragmentary stone inscription14 in the hut of a Bābā near the medieval ruined fort mound on the Yamunā in Etawah. It refers to Mahārāja Ajayasimha, the nephew of king Jayachchandra, who performed a Chandī-yajña (sacrifice in honour of the goddess Durgā) for the victory of king Jayachchandra engaged in the deadly battle against the invading Muslim armies of Shihab-ud-din Ghori at Chandawār on the Yamunā, 40 km west of Etawah. Subsequently, the priest took away the image of Durgā installed in the fort and buried it into a pit so that the mlechchhas(Muslims) could not desecrate it in event of their success. The inscription suggests that Etawah was in the possession of king Jayachchandra’s cousin who was there to guard the treasury deposited for ensuring the necessary supply to the fighting army. No information about him is available in any Muslim chronicle or Gāhadavāla inscriptions particularly the Machhalīshahr copper-plate grant of Hariśchandra, the last known Gāhadavāla ruler. The fort of the inscription is obviously the fort of Asnī mentioned in the Muslim chronicles, where king Jayachchandra had deposited his treasures before his fight against the Muslims and which was looted and plundered after the defeat and death of the Gāhadavāla king. It has been identified with the large high mound of Āsaī Kherā on the Yamunā, 10 km east of Etawah15.
After the publication of the Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol.VII by H.V. Trivedi in 1991seven copper-plate inscriptions of Chandellas  have  come to light. Of  the Mau Sahaniyā copper-plate inscription of V.S. 1347/1291 C.E. from the Chhatarpur district of M.P. and the Lalitpur copper-plate grant of V.S. 1352/1295 C.E. of king Hammīravarmmadeva; the Rātha plates of king Madanavarmmadeva of V.S. 1195/1139 C.E. and V.S.1198/1142 C.E.; the Mathurā Museum plate of the Pratīhāra Ajayapāla, a feudatory of the king Vīravarmmadeva, of V.S. 1334/1277 C.E.,  only the Mau Sahaniyā plate has been published16and others are in different stages of decipherment and editing. A.K. Singh and L.M. Wahal have published a copper-plate inscription of king Sallakshanavarmman dated Monday, Pausha sudi 15, V.S. 1164/1107 C.E. when there was a lunar eclipse17. The two plates, on which the record is engraved were found at the village of Hatholīpur in the Hamirpur district, the third one has not yet been recovered. This is the only known grant of the Chandella king Sallakshanavarmman, the lord of Kālañjara (C.E. 1100-1110). After mentioning the genealogy of the king, the record states that from his camp at Mrinaila the king donated some land in the villages of Pātijādī, Jevadā, Janudahī and Gavahana in the Navaratha pattalā and Patidvamaidamla, Virohāsujaurī, Charimchāvalī Pokharāma, Jādī, Vudāvala and Dhamnanoli in the Vātani pattalā to 158 Brāhmanas of different gotras (pravaras have not been mentioned) of the Simrāvanī village. The geographical names, except the well-known Kālañjara, of this inscription have been left unidentified. However, Navaratha pattalā is also mentioned in the Bharat Kala Bhawan grant18 of  king Madanavarmman, dated V.S. 1192/1136 C.E. It is referred to as Navarāshtra mandala vishaya in the vicinity of the river Yamunā in the Charkhārī plate19 of  king Devavarmman of V.S. 1108/ 1051 C.E. K.L. Agrawal has reasonably identified it with  modern Rātha in the Hamirpur district20.

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